Supporting Perinatal Health in Individuals with Obesity: Integrative and Naturopathic Perspectives

Abstract

Obesity in the perinatal period represents a growing public health concern with significant implications for short- and long-term maternal and fetal outcomes. This review summarizes the current recommendations related to perinatal obesity, exploring evidence-informed strategies for prevention and management from the preconception to the postpartum period.

In the preconception period, this review addresses weight management, lifestyle counselling, targeted supplementation, and behaviour strategies through motivational interviewing. During pregnancy, strategies to support optimal gestational weight gain, evidence-based supplementation to mitigate risks of complications such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes, and lifestyle interventions aimed at reducing obesity-related pregnancy risks are reviewed. Lastly, in the postpartum period, this review examines the impact of maternal obesity on early recovery, breastfeeding initiation, and mental health, as well as the long-term risks of postpartum weight retention and strategies to support sustainable, values-aligned lifestyle changes.

Future directions should prioritize interdisciplinary collaboration, including obstetrics, primary care, nutrition, behavioural health, and community-based support systems. Research is also needed to refine diagnostic criteria, evaluate the long- term effects of prenatal interventions, and ensure equitable care for populations disproportionately affected by obesity and its sequelae.